| |
| United States Patent
|
6,530,675 |
| Van Etten |
March 11, 2003 |
Exterior lighting systems
Abstract
Several matching exterior lighting systems for use on property
having electrical service wiring. Lighting fixtures are made of pipe
or wood, preferably PVC pipe or redwood. Several embodiments can be
installed directly in the ground, while other embodiments can be
installed on the vertical exterior surface of a building, or on the
top of a wall. In all embodiments, the lamp and electrical
connections are housed within the same enclosure, and no separate
electrical box is needed. The embodiments made of pipe are coated
with stucco, brick, stone, tile, wood, aluminum sheet, or copper
sheet, to protect the pipe from environmental degradation. The
preferred coating is stucco, and the invention includes a new method
of applying stucco to a circular cylinder and manufacturing an
article. All embodiments have elongated rectangular windows parallel
both to the florescent light bulb, and to the axis of the cylinder,
with translucent lenses to allow light to escape. The circular
embodiments each have a single lens that covers all of the windows.
In several embodiments, the florescent light and light bulbs can be
accessed by removing the top of the light and lifting out the lamp
which is hung from the top.
| Inventors: |
Van Etten; Kurt B. (Cave
Creek, AZ) |
| Appl. No.:
|
09/560,302 |
| Filed: |
April 27, 2000 |
| Current U.S.
Class: |
362/267 ;
362/153.1; 362/310 |
| Current
International Class: |
F21S
8/00 (20060101); F21V 029/00 () |
| Field of
Search: |
362/153.1,310,267,431,374,375 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent
Documents
Primary Examiner: O'Shea; Sandra
Assistant Examiner: Alavi; Ali
Attorney, Agent or Firm:
Stoneman; Martin L.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An exterior lighting system for use on property having electrical
service wiring comprising in combination: a) an enclosure means for
enclosing an electric lamp of the type having at least one light
bulb; and b) electrical connections for attaching the electrical
service wiring, c) wherein said enclosure means comprises i) a
unitary hollow right cylinder having (1) at least a substantial
portion essentially circular in cross-section, and ii) at least one
substantially-planar end-seal means for sealing an end of said
enclosure means; d) a window means, comprising at least one opening,
for allowing light from the electric lamp to escape from said
enclosure means; e) an access means for servicing the electric lamp
and replacing the light bulb; f) a weatherproofing means for
preventing water and dirt from entering said enclosure through said
window means; g) wherein said access means comprises, i) said
end-seal means; and ii) a hanger attached at a first hanger end to
said end-seal means and attachable at a second hanger end to the
electric lamp.
2. The exterior lighting system according to claim 1 further
comprising: a. a covering means for covering said enclosure means in
such manner as to resist environmental degradation and promote
aesthetic appeal.
3. The exterior lighting system according to claim 1 further
comprising: a. a mounting means for mounting said enclosure means
directly in soil.
4. A method of manufacturing an exterior-lighting article comprised
of a stucco-coated hollow circular cylinder, comprising in
combination the steps of: a. wrapping a said circular cylinder with
screen; b. applying stucco to said screen; c. allowing said stucco
to cure; d. cutting said stucco coated said cylinder to a
user-desired conformation; and e. painting said stucco.
5. The exterior lighting system according to claim 2 wherein said
covering means comprises a material selected from the group
consisting of: stucco, brick, stone, tile, copper sheet, aluminum
sheet, and wood.
6. The exterior lighting system according to claim 1 wherein said
window means comprises at least one elongated rectangular window.
7. The exterior lighting system according to claim 6 wherein said
weatherproofing means comprises a light-transmitting material
covering an inside opening of said window.
8. The exterior lighting system according to claim 7 wherein said
light-transmitting material comprises substantially a thin
cylindrical body which fits within and is held by said unitary
hollow right cylinder.
9. An exterior lighting system for use on property having electrical
service wiring comprising in combination: a) at least one electric
lamp structured and arranged to receive at least one light bulb and
having electrical connections for attaching the electrical service
wiring, b) a body comprising a single hollow clean cylinder having a
longitudinal axis, a top end and a bottom end, wherein said body
encloses both said electric lamp and said electrical connections,
and wherein said bottom end of said cylinder is structured and
arranged to extend substantially below the ground surface, c) an end
piece structured and arranged to attach to said top end of said
cylindrical body, and d) a bracket having a top end and a bottom
end, wherein said top end of said bracket is attached to said end
piece, said bottom end of said bracket is attached to said electric
lamp, and wherein said end piece, said bracket, and said lamp are
structured and arranged to be raised through said cylinder as a
unit.
10. The exterior lighting system according to claim 9 wherein said
top end comprises a transparent end piece.
11. The exterior lighting system according to claim 10 further
comprising a reflector, wherein said exterior lighting system is
structured and arranged so that said reflector reflects light
emitted by said electric lamp through said end piece.
12. The exterior lighting system according to claim 11 wherein said
reflector is user-pivotable to reflect light in different
directions.
13. The exterior lighting system according to claim 9 wherein said
cylinder comprises at least two light-transmitting windows situated
in a row around said cylinder, wherein said windows are essentially
rectangular, having two long sides and two short sides, and wherein
said long sides are essentially parallel to said axis of said
cylinder.
14. The exterior lighting system according to claim 13 wherein said
electric lamp is a florescent-type lamp structured and arranged to
receive at least one florescent-type light bulb that is essentially
the same length as said long side of said windows, and wherein said
exterior lighting system is structured and arranged so that when the
light bulb is installed it will be located adjacent to and parallel
with said long sides of said windows.
15. The method according to claim 4 wherein said desired
conformation comprises rectangular openings.
16. The exterior lighting system according to claim 9 further
comprising a spiral coil of wire wherein said coil of wire has a
first end and a second end, said first end of said coil of wire
attaches to said electric lamp, said second end of said coil of wire
is structured and arranged to attach to said electrical service
wiring, and said coil of wire is structured and arranged to fit
concentrically within said cylinder.
17. The exterior lighting system according to claim 13 wherein said
cylinder is approximately 60-inches long and approximately 6-inches
wide, wherein said row of said windows is located just below said
top end of said cylinder.
18. The exterior lighting system according to claim 13 wherein said
cylinder is essentially a right square cylinder.
19. The exterior lighting system according to claim 18 wherein said
cylinder comprises essentially redwood.
20. The exterior lighting system according to claim 13 wherein said
cylinder is essentially a right circular cylinder.
21. The exterior lighting system according to claim 20 wherein said
cylinder comprises essentially PVC pipe.
22. The exterior lighting system according to claim 20 wherein said
cylinder is essentially covered with a material selected from the
group consisting of: stucco, brick, stone, tile, copper sheet,
aluminum sheet, and wood.
23. The exterior lighting system according to claim 22 having one
row of said windows wherein said row of said windows is located just
below said top end of said cylinder.
24. The exterior lighting system according to claim 23 wherein said
cylindrical body is comprised of approximately 6-inch nominal
diameter plastic pipe.
25. The exterior lighting system according to claim 23 further
comprising a second said row of said windows spaced beneath said
(first) said row of said windows.
26. The exterior lighting system according to claim 9 wherein said
cylindrical body is comprised of approximately 3-inch nominal
diameter plastic pipe and wherein said electric lamp is a low
voltage lamp.
27. The exterior lighting system according to claim 25 further
comprising a second said electric lamp adjacent said second row of
said windows.
28. An exterior lighting system for use on property having
electrical service wiring comprising in combination: a) at least one
electric lamp structured and arranged to receive at least one light
bulb, and having electrical connections for attaching the electrical
service wiring; b) a body essentially comprised of part of a right
circular hollow cylinder wherein said body has an axis, an exterior
surface, and at least one end, and said body encloses both said
electric lamp and said electrical connections; c) a coating covering
at least a substantial portion of said exterior surface of said
body, wherein said coating essentially comprises a material selected
from the group consisting of: stucco, brick, stone, tile, copper
sheet, aluminum sheet, and wood; and d) wherein said body comprises
at least one window; e) wherein said window further comprises a
lens, and said window is substantially elongated in a direction
essentially parallel to said axis of said body; f) wherein said
window is rectangular; g) wherein said body comprises essentially a
right circular cylinder; and h) wherein said body further comprises
a half circular cylinder, two said ends, and a backing plate, and
said body is structured and arranged for mounting on an essentially
flat essentially vertical surface.
29. The exterior lighting system according to claim 28 wherein said
lamp is a florescent lamp.
30. The exterior lighting system according to claim 29 wherein said
body is structured and arranged to be mounted with said axis of said
body essentially horizontal.
31. The exterior lighting system according to claim 30 wherein said
lighting system comprises two electric lamps.
32. The exterior lighting system according to claim 29 wherein said
body is structured and arranged to be mounted with said axis of said
body essentially vertical, and said body comprises at least two
windows.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to systems for providing exterior lighting on
real property. More specifically, this invention concerns systems
for lighting the exterior of buildings and the surrounding property,
including multi-family dwellings such as apartment buildings.
2. Description of the Background and Prior Art
Typically, in the prior art, some method of lighting the property
surrounding buildings was needed at night. Light was needed for
occupants, business invitees, and social guests to see their way
into and out of the buildings, and also including light for people
to perform work, socially interact, recreate, relax, and perform
other legitimate activities outdoors, at night, weather permitting.
Lighting the property surrounding buildings also was needed to
prevent burglars and other criminals from using the cover of
darkness to sneak around or hide illicit activities.
Since electrical service became available on a widespread basis,
electrical lighting has been used to light property, particularly
the property surrounding buildings. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No.
1,248,688 to Ludescher. The development of exterior lighting has
continued over the years and has included lights mounted on
various-size poles (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 3,257,496 to Hamilton),
lights mounted close to the ground (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No.
3,798,438 to Manechetti), lights mounted on fences (see, e.g., U.S.
Pat. No. 1,794,467 to Lucas and U.S. Pat. No. 3,679,891 to Quack),
and lights installed along a driveway (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,683,170
to Blaha). Various methods of mounting exterior lighting have been
developed, including embedding in concrete (see U.S. Pat. No.
3,364,635 to Guggemos), bolting to a concrete surface (see e.g. U.S.
Pat. No. 4,519,657 to Jensen), and direct burial in soil (see U.S.
Pat. No. 4,774,648 to Kakuk et al.).
Exterior lighting fixtures have been typically complex, difficult to
install, and vulnerable to damage from vandals (see, for example,
U.S. Pat. No. 3,257,496 to Hamilton). Exposed glass globes and light
bulbs have been particularly susceptible to breakage and spray
painting with graffiti. Parts such as globes and reflectors have
been typically custom, and replacements have typically had to come
from the original manufacturer in order to maintain the original
appearance of the lighting fixture. Thus, if the original
manufacturer went out of business or changed product lines, when a
few lighting fixtures on a property became damaged, it was often
necessary to replace all of the lighting fixtures in order to
maintain a uniform appearance. In addition, most lighting fixtures
were equipped with a unique surface finish provided by the
manufacturer. Thus, it was not possible to simply paint over
graffiti like a property owner might do with the surface of a
building. Rather, the owner often had to either clean off the
graffiti or replace the light fixture.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
A primary object of the present invention is to fulfill the above
mentioned needs by the provision of an improved system for lighting
property having electrical service, particularly property
surrounding buildings. Specifically, an object and feature of the
invention is to provide a system for efficiently lighting the
exterior of buildings wherein the system can be fabricated from
commonly available materials so that the original cost of
manufacture is minimized and customized designs are feasible and
inexpensive. Another object and feature of the invention, using
commonly available materials, is that replacement parts for the
system can be easily fabricated without necessarily relying on the
original manufacturer. Another object and feature of the present
invention is that the materials of manufacture be of a type commonly
used in building construction so that personnel skilled in the
maintenance of buildings will be readily able to maintain and repair
the exterior lighting system without the investment involved in
learning new skills.
Still another object and feature of the present invention is that it
be easy to install, even directly in soil, and that installation
require minimal additional parts and conditions. Other objects and
features of the present invention include that it resist
environmental degradation, including corrosion and ultraviolet
damage, that it match the texture and color of surrounding
buildings, and that it be safe to use with electricity, preferably
being substantially non-conductive. Further objects and features of
the present invention include that it be strong, sturdy, resist
damage from vandalism, and be easily repairable when damaged,
including covering or removing graffiti. Even further objects and
features of the present invention include that it be easy to
maintain, including the replacing of light bulbs and other
electrical components. A still further object and feature of the
present invention is that it be aesthetically appealing and that
variations matching in appearance be able to be installed in various
places on a property including in soil, on poles, on the side of
buildings, along driveways, and on walls. Still even further objects
and features of the invention are that it be inexpensive, easy to
manufacture, convenient to ship, and easy to assemble.
Another object and feature of the present invention is to provide a
method of manufacturing an article comprised of a stucco-coated
circular cylinder. Objects and features of this method include that
it provide a strong bond that is resistant to environmental
degradation including extreme temperature changes, and wherein the
coated cylinder can be cut into complex geometries without
disturbing the bond. Other objects and features of the method
include that it be inexpensive, and that it provide a pleasing
appearance. Other objects and features of the invention will become
apparent with reference to the following invention descriptions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this
invention provides an exterior lighting system for use on property
having electrical service wiring comprising in combination: an
enclosure means for enclosing an electric lamp of the type having at
least one light bulb and electrical connections for attaching the
electrical service wiring, wherein such enclosure means comprises a
unitary hollow right cylinder and at least one substantially-planar
end-seal means for sealing an end of such enclosure means; a window
means, comprising at least one opening, for allowing light from the
electric lamp to escape from such enclosure means; an access means
for servicing the electric lamp and replacing the light bulb; a
weatherproofing means for preventing water and dirt from entering
such enclosure through such window means. And it provides such a
system further comprising a covering means for covering such
enclosure means in such manner as to resist environmental
degradation and promote aesthetic appeal; and, also, further
comprising a mounting means for mounting such enclosure means
directly in soil.
Additionally, this invention provides such a system wherein such
access means comprises: such end-seal means; and a hanger attached
at a first hanger end to such end-seal means and attachable at a
second hanger end to the electric lamp; and, further, wherein such
covering means comprises a material selected from the group
consisting of stucco, brick, stone, tile, copper sheet, aluminum
sheet, and wood. And it also provides such a system wherein such
window means comprises at least one elongated rectangular window;
and, further, wherein such weatherproofing means comprises a
light-transmitting material covering an inside opening of such
window; and, further, wherein such light-transmitting material
comprises substantially a thin cylindrical body which fits within
and is held by such unitary hollow right cylinder.
Moreover, according to a preferred embodiment thereof, this
invention provides an exterior lighting system for use on property
having electrical service wiring comprising in combination: at least
one electric lamp structured and arranged to receive at least one
light bulb and having electrical connections for attaching the
electrical service wiring, a body comprising a single hollow clean
cylinder having a longitudinal axis, a top end and a bottom end,
wherein such body encloses both such electric lamp and such
electrical connections, and wherein such bottom end of such cylinder
is structured and arranged to extend substantially below the ground
surface; and, further, wherein such top end comprises a transparent
end piece. And it provides such a system further comprising a
reflector, wherein such exterior lighting system is structured and
arranged so that such reflector reflects light emitted by such
electric lamp through such end piece; and, further, wherein such
reflector is user-pivotable to reflect light in different
directions.
In addition, it provides such a system wherein such cylinder
comprises at least two light-transmitting windows situated in a row
around such cylinder, wherein such windows are essentially
rectangular, having two long sides and two short sides, and wherein
such long sides are essentially parallel to such axis of such
cylinder; and, further, wherein such electric lamp is a
florescent-type lamp structured and arranged to receive at least one
florescent-type light bulb that is essentially the same length as
such long side of such windows, and wherein such exterior lighting
system is structured and arranged so that when the light bulb is
installed it will be located adjacent to and parallel with such long
sides of such windows. And it provides such a system further
comprising: an end piece structured an arranged to attach to such
top end of such cylindrical body; a bracket having a top end and a
bottom end, wherein such top end of such bracket is attached to such
end piece, such bottom end of such bracket is attached to such
electric lamp, and wherein such end piece, such bracket, and such
lamp are structured and arranged to be raised through such cylinder
as a unit; and, also, further comprising a spiral coil of wire
wherein such coil of wire has a first end and a second end, such
first end of such coil of wire attaches to such electric lamp, such
second end of such coil of wire is structured and arranged to attach
to such electrical service wiring, and such coil of wire is
structured and arranged to fit concentrically within such cylinder.
Moreover, it provides such a system wherein such cylinder is
approximately 60-inches long and approximately 6-inches wide,
wherein such row of such windows is located just below such top end
of such cylinder; and, further, wherein such cylinder is essentially
a right square cylinder; and, also, wherein such cylinder comprises
essentially redwood; and, also, wherein such cylinder is essentially
a right circular cylinder; and, further, wherein such cylinder
comprises essentially PVC pipe; and, further, wherein such cylinder
is essentially covered with a material selected from the group
consisting of stucco, brick, stone, tile, copper sheet, aluminum
sheet, and wood. And it provides such a system having one row of
such windows wherein such row of such windows is located just below
such top end of such cylinder; and, further, wherein such
cylindrical body is comprised of approximately 6-inch nominal
diameter plastic pipe. And it also provides such a system further
comprising a second such row of such windows spaced beneath such
(first) such row of such windows; and, further, wherein such
cylindrical body is comprised of approximately 3-inch nominal
diameter plastic pipe and wherein such electric lamp is a low
voltage lamp; and, also, further comprising a second such electric
lamp adjacent such second row of such windows.
Even further, according to a preferred embodiment thereof, this
invention provided an exterior lighting system for use on property
having electrical service wiring comprising in combination: at least
one electric lamp structured and arranged to receive at least one
light bulb, and having electrical connections for attaching the
electrical service wiring; a body essentially comprised of part of a
right circular hollow cylinder wherein such body has an axis, an
exterior surface, and at least one end, and such body encloses both
such electric lamp and such electrical connections; a coating
covering at least a substantial portion of such exterior surface of
such body, wherein such coating essentially comprises a material
selected from the group consisting of: stucco, brick, stone, tile,
copper sheet, aluminum sheet, and wood; and wherein such body
comprises at least one window. And it provides such a system wherein
such window further comprises a lens, and such window is
substantially elongated in a direction essentially parallel to such
axis of such body; and, also, wherein such window is rectangular;
and, further, wherein such body comprises essentially a right
circular cylinder; and, also, wherein such lens comprises a right
incomplete circular cylinder of translucent material and wherein one
such lens covers at least two such windows.
Still additionally, this invention provides such a system wherein
such body is structured and arranged for mounting on an essentially
flat essentially horizontal surface and wherein such axis of such
body is essentially vertical. And it provides such a system further
comprising a reflector. It also provides such a system wherein such
body further comprises a half circular cylinder, two such ends, and
a backing plate, and such body is structured and arranged for
mounting on an essentially flat essentially vertical surface; and,
also, wherein such lamp is a florescent lamp; and, also, wherein
such body is structured and arranged to be mounted with such axis of
such body essentially horizontal; and, further, wherein such
lighting system comprises two electric lamps; and, also, wherein
such body is structured and arranged to be mounted with such axis of
such body essentially vertical, and such body comprises at least two
windows; and, also, wherein such body comprises a circular cylinder,
such end of such body comprises essentially a lens, and such end is
mounted at an angle with respect to such axis of such body wherein
such angle is between 30 and 75 degrees.
Even moreover, this invention provides, in accordance with a
preferred embodiment thereof, a method of manufacturing an
exterior-lighting article comprised of a stucco-coated hollow
circular cylinder, comprising in combination the steps of: wrapping
a such circular cylinder with screen; applying stucco to such
screen; allowing such stucco to cure; saw cutting such stucco coated
such cylinder to a user-desired conformation; and painting such
stucco; and, also, wherein such desired conformation comprises
rectangular openings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating five different preferred
embodiments of the exterior lighting system installed and lighting
the property next to a building.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a column light installed in a lawn.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a column light
and showing the electric lamp, top end, hanger, and lens.
FIG. 4 is a sectional top view of the window portion of a column
light illustrating how the lamp is installed in the cylinder.
FIG. 5 is a side view, partially in section, of the column light
illustrating how the various components of the column light fit
together and how the column light is structured and installed and
connected to the electrical service wiring.
FIG. 6 is an exploded partial perspective view of the top portion of
the column light showing how the electric lamp and top end are
structured and installed.
FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a preferred embodiment of
the exterior lighting system showing how screening is structured and
installed prior to applying stucco.
FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of the preferred embodiment of
FIG. 7 of the exterior lighting system showing how stucco is
structured and applied after installing the screen.
FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of the preferred embodiment of
FIGS. 7 and 8 of the exterior lighting system showing how the
stucco-coated pipe may be cut to a desired geometry after the stucco
is applied.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the pole light embodiment of the
exterior lighting system showing how several embodiments of the
present invention can be installed directly in soil.
FIG. 11 is an exploded partial perspective view of a pole light
illustrating the lens and how the two lamps are hung from the top
end.
FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of the wall top embodiment of
the exterior lighting system.
FIG. 13 is an exploded partial perspective view, partially in
section, of the wall top embodiment of the exterior lighting system
showing how the wall top embodiment is installed.
FIG. 14 is a partial side sectional view of the wall top embodiment
of the exterior lighting system showing how the wall top embodiment
is installed.
FIG. 15 is an exploded partial perspective view of the vertical wall
mount embodiment of the exterior lighting system.
FIG. 16 is a sectional side view of the vertical wall mount
embodiment of the exterior lighting system showing how the vertical
wall mount light is installed on the surface of a wall.
FIG. 17 is a sectional top view of the vertical wall mount
embodiment of the exterior lighting system showing how the vertical
wall mount light is installed on the surface of a wall.
FIG. 18 is a front view of the horizontal wall mount embodiment of
the exterior lighting system.
FIG. 19 is a sectional side view of the horizontal wall mount
embodiment of the exterior lighting system showing how the
horizontal wall mount light is installed on the surface of a wall.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the flood light embodiment of the
exterior lighting system.
FIG. 21 is a sectional side view of the flood light embodiment of
the exterior lighting system showing how the lamp and reflector
pivot, and how the lens is installed.
FIG. 22 is an exploded perspective view of the flood light
embodiment of the exterior lighting system showing how the lamp and
reflector are installed.
FIG. 23 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of the
exterior lighting system showing a brick coating.
FIG. 24 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of the
exterior lighting system showing a metal sheet coating.
FIG. 25 is a perspective view of the redwood embodiment of the
exterior lighting system showing how it is installed.
FIG. 26 is a sectional top view of the redwood embodiment of the
exterior lighting system showing how it is constructed and the
lenses and lamp are installed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT AND THE BEST MODE OF
PRACTICE
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating five different preferred
embodiments of the exterior lighting system 40 installed, typically,
for lighting the property 58 next to a building 51. The embodiments
of exterior lighting system 40 that are shown are column light 41,
pole light 42, flood light 44, wall top light 45, and horizontal
wall mounted light 46. Column light 41 and pole light 42 are
suitable for general illumination of any property 58, particularly
that property 58 surrounding a building 51. Column light 41 is shown
in a typical application, illuminating a walkway 53, and pole light
42 is shown in another typical application, illuminating a door to a
building 51. Flood light 44 is typically used to shine light on
particular above-ground-level 54 objects such as a tree 52 (as
shown) or the exterior of a building 51. Wall top light 45 is
typically mounted on a wall 59 and used to illuminate the property
58 near a wall 59. As shown, wall 59 is short and located next to
building 51; however, wall top light could also be used on a higher
wall 59, and could be used far from a building 51. Horizontal wall
mounted light 46 is shown mounted on the exterior wall surface 57 of
a building 51, and illuminates the property 58 next to the building
51.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a column light 41 installed in a
lawn 55. Column light 41 preferably has four peripherally-spaced
elongated rectangular windows 61 (two shown) in cylindrical body 60,
this arrangement embodying herein that such window means comprises
at least one elongated rectangular window. Column light 41 also
embodies herein that such cylinder comprises at least two
light-transmitting windows situated in a row around such cylinder,
wherein such windows are essentially rectangular, having two long
sides and two short sides, and wherein such long sides are
essentially parallel to such axis of such cylinder. Also, this
window arrangement, as shown embodies herein that such row of such
windows is located just below such top end of such cylinder. The
visible electromagnetic radiation (light) that column light 41 emits
escapes through the windows 61. The body 60 of column light 41
preferably has a flat top end 62 as shown, and the body 60 and top
end 62 are shown coated with a preferred coating material, stucco
66. Top end 62 embodies herein a substantially-planar end-seal
means.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a column light
41 and showing the electric lamp 63, top end 62, hanger 65, and lens
64. Electric lamp 63 is preferably of the type designed for outdoor
use and to operate on 110-volt 60-cycle alternating current as is
predominantly available in the United States of America. To provide
the greatest amount of visible light for the amount of electricity
consumed (greatest efficiency), electric Lamp 63 is preferably of
the florescent type, and is fitted with an appropriate number of
suitable light bulbs 69. Electric lamp 63 is preferably attached to
hanger 65, which is preferably attached to top end 62. Thus, in the
preferred embodiment of column light 41, top end 62, hanger 65, and
lamp 63 can be removed as a unit to access lamp 63, such as to
replace light bulbs 69. As shown, this arrangement with bulbs 69
embodies herein such electric lamp is a florescent-type lamp
structured and arranged to receive at least one florescent-type
light bulb that is essentially the same length as such long side of
such windows, and wherein such exterior lighting system is
structured and arranged so that when the light bulb is installed it
will be located adjacent to and parallel with such long sides of
such windows. Lens 64 is preferably one piece of translucent
material that has been rolled into an incomplete cylinder of
slightly less than 360.degree. as shown, and mounted to cover (from
the inside) all of windows 61; and this arrangement embodies herein
that such weatherproofing means comprises a light-transmitting
material covering an inside opening of such window. Lens 64 can be
easily removed (if needed) from body 60 once top end 62 is removed.
Column light 41 (and the bodies of several of the other within
embodiments) are preferably constructed from polyvinyl chloride
(PVC) pipe 71 of the type widely available for domestic and
commercial use. PVC pipe 71 is preferably type PSM PVC gravity sewer
pipe meeting ASTM standard D 3034 and having a tensile strength of
6000 psi under ASTM test D 638. PVC pipe 71 used with column light
41 is preferably 6-inch nominal diameter, with an actual outside
diameter of 6.275-inches and a minimum wall thickness of
0.241-inches. As will be described in more detail below, column
light 41 is preferably constructed to be installed with a portion of
the body 60 embedded in the ground 54 (below grade). The below-grade
portion 73 of body 60 of column light 41 is preferably not coated,
while the above-grade portion of column light 41 is preferably
coated, and is shown in FIG. 3 coated with stucco 66.
The below-grade portion 73 of column light 41 is preferably about 18
inches long. The above-grade portion 72 of column light 41 can be
many different sizes, all preferably equal to the standard widths of
window screen 94 (see the description of FIG. 8 below). For typical
installations, applicant's preferred length for the above-grade
portion 72 of column light 41 is about 42 inches. Thus, a preferred
overall length of PVC pipe 71 for column light 41 is 60 inches. PVC
pipe 71 embodies herein, as shown, a unitary hollow right cylinder.
The enclosure portions of column light 41 embody herein an enclosure
means for enclosing an electric lamp of the type having at least one
light bulb and electrical connections for attaching the electrical
service wiring, wherein such enclosure means comprises a unitary
hollow right cylinder and at least one substantially-planar end-seal
means for sealing an end of such enclosure means. Column light 41
can also be made of smaller (preferably 3-inch nominal diameter) PVC
pipe 71, preferably of similar proportion to the larger 6-inch
diameter version described above. This smaller version of column
light 41 is preferably equipped with low voltage lamp 63 (not shown)
and used to illuminate a driveway (not shown) or walkway 53 (as
depicted in FIG. 1). The length of the above-grade portion of this
smaller, driveway version, of column light 41 is preferably 24
inches.
FIG. 4 is a sectional top view of the above-grade portion 72 of a
column light 41 through the windows 61 illustrating how the lamp 63
is installed in the body 60. FIG. 5 is a side view, partially in
section, of the column light 41, illustrating how the various
components of the column light 41 fit together and how the column
light 41 is installed and connected to the electrical service
wiring. FIG. 6 is an exploded partial perspective view of the top
portion of the column light 41 showing how the electric lamp 63 and
top end 62 are installed. As can be seen in these figures, lamp 63
preferably attaches to hanger 65 with two screws 89 with nuts 82, as
shown. Hanger 65 preferably attaches to top end 62 with two
fasteners 81, as shown. Top end 62 (embodying herein an end piece
structured an arranged to attach to such top end of such cylindrical
body) is preferably a round piece of galvanized-steel sheet metal,
preferably about 1/16-inch thick, with a coating applied externally,
such as stucco 66 as shown. Fasteners 81 are not typically
disassembled for maintenance or other purposes, and so can be
rivets. Screws, with or without nuts, would also work; however,
rivets are preferred for fasteners 81. Top end 62 preferably
attaches to body 60 with four screws 87, which are preferably of a
type suitable to attach to plastic. Screws 87 preferably attach to
four blocks 88, which are plastic, preferably PVC, and are glued to
PVC pipe 71 of body 60 with a suitable adhesive readily selectable
by a person of ordinary skill in the art of fabricating articles
from plastic. Blocks 88 (best shown in FIG. 6) contain holes of a
diameter suitable for screws 87. Gasket 68 fits between top end 62
and body 60, and preferably has four holes for screws 87. Gasket 68
preferably keeps water and dust out of exterior lighting system 40
which could damage lamp 63 or the various electrical connections.
Gasket 68 is preferably made of a soft rubber material such a
neoprene that remains pliable for a long time.
When top end 62 is installed on body 60, light bulbs 69 are located
directly behind windows 61 so that the greatest amount of light
possible is emitted through the windows 61 (embodying herein a
window means, comprising at least one opening, for allowing light
from the electric lamp to escape from the enclosure means). When top
end 62 is installed on body 61, hanger 65 is preferably located
between two windows 61 (see FIG. 4) so that hanger 65 does not cast
a shadow on one of the windows 61. As described above and shown best
in FIG. 4, one lens 64 preferably covers all four windows 61 on the
inside of PVC pipe 71. Lens 64 forms an incomplete cylinder, and, as
shown best in FIG. 4, lens 64 is preferably installed so that the
gap is hidden between two windows 61. As shown best in FIG. 5, lens
64 is preferably supported by four clips 85 which are secured in
place (to body 60) by fasteners 84. Fasteners 84 are similar to
fasteners 81 described above. Also, as shown best in FIG. 5, lens 64
is secured on the top to body 60 by four screws 80 with nuts 82 and
fender washers 83. Clips 85 and fender washers 83 keep lens 64 from
being pushed in when a force is applied on the exterior of lens 64.
Light bulbs 69 can easily be replaced in column light 41 by removing
screws 87 and lifting up top end 62, along with hanger 65 and lamp
63, this arrangement embodying herein an access means for servicing
the electric lamp and replacing the light bulb. Also, this
arrangement with hanger 65 embodies herein a bracket having a top
end and a bottom end, wherein such top end of such bracket is
attached to such end piece, such bottom end of such bracket is
attached to such electric lamp, and wherein such end piece, such
bracket, and such lamp are structured and arranged to be raised
through such cylinder as a unit. Lens 64 can easily be replaced by
removing top end 62 as just described, removing nuts 82 and fender
washers 83, compressing and lifting out the old lens 64, and rolling
up and installing the new lens 64 into clips 85. Fender washers 83
and nuts 82 can then be re-installed.
Lens 64 is preferably a polycarbonate sheet of a thickness conducive
to bending to the desired PVC pipe 71 diameter. Lens 64 must be
translucent (able to pass light), but need not be transparent (able
to see through). However, a transparent material will work, and may
be most efficient at transmitting light. Lens 64 (embodying herein
that such light-transmitting material comprises substantially a thin
cylindrical body which fits within and is held by such unitary
hollow right cylinder) performs several functions, including
protecting light bulbs 69 and lamp 63 from various forms of
environmental damage, e.g., from the elements and from vandals. Lens
64 keeps water out from rain or sprinklers, and keeps dust out,
particularly in dusty climates such as in Phoenix, Ariz., and the
surrounding areas. It is desirable to keep water out because it may
short out or otherwise damage lamp 63 or the electrical connections.
Lens 64 may not exclude all water, but any water that does get in
will harmlessly run down the inside of PVC pipe 71 to the ground 54.
It is desirable to keep dust out because it coats light bulbs 69 and
the back side of lens 64 and reduces the transmission of light. This
described arrangement of lens 64 embodies herein a weatherproofing
means for preventing water and dirt from entering such enclosure
through such window means. Fasteners 81 and 84 are essentially
permanent, and the stucco (or other coating as described below) is
preferably either applied after fasteners 81 and 84 are installed,
or the coating is repaired after fasteners 81 and 82 are installed.
Similarly, the stucco can be repaired or applied over screws 80, and
future lens 64 replacement can be accomplished by removing nuts 82
but not disturbing screws 80.
FIG. 5 shows a preferred mode of installing column light 41 in the
ground 54. As described above, the below-grade portion 73 of the PVC
pipe 71 forming the body 60 of column light 41 is preferably left
uncoated (i.e., no stucco 66). Electrical service wiring 76 is
preferably installed above grade, either in conduit 77 (preferably,
as shown) or without conduit (direct burial--not shown). Column
lights 41 may be installed in the same trench (not shown) that is
dug to install the electrical service wiring 76. If the electrical
service wiring 76 is lower than the bottom of body 60, then the
electrical service wiring 76, and conduit 77 if provided, is
preferably routed up through the bottom end of PVC pipe 71 as shown.
If the electrical service wiring 76 is above the bottom of body 60,
then the bottom of body 60 (PVC pipe 71) can be notched or drilled
as convenient using tools and methods well known to a person of
ordinary skill in the art. The underground service wiring 76 is
preferably connected to a coil 91 of wire, which is connected to
lamp 63 with more wire nuts 79. Coil 91 is preferably slightly
smaller in diameter than the inside of PVC pipe 71, and fits inside
body 60 below lamp 63. Coil 91 preferably allows lamp 63 to be
lifted out and reinstalled without disturbing the connections
secured by wire nuts 79. Coil 91 also prevents the wiring from
getting above lamp 63 and casting a shadow on lens 64. As shown,
coil 91 embodies herein a spiral coil of wire wherein such coil of
wire has a first end and a second end, such first end of such coil
of wire attaches to such electric lamp, such second end of such coil
of wire is structured and arranged to attach to such electrical
service wiring, and such coil of wire is structured and arranged to
fit concentrically within such cylinder. Below-grade portion 73 of
PVC pipe 71 can be installed directly in soil 56 (as shown in FIG.
10); however, the best mode is to place about 50 to 100 pounds of
concrete 78 around the below-grade portion of column light 41 as
shown in FIG. 5. Concrete 78 helps to stabilize column light 41 to
prevent it from being tipped out of plumb if someone pushes on it.
This arrangement with below-grade portion 73 embodies herein a
mounting means for mounting such enclosure means directly in soil.
Although not shown, it is preferable that at least a portion of the
bottom of PVC pipe 71 contact soil 56 so that any water that gets
inside PVC pipe 71 can sink into the ground 54. Column light 41
should preferably be installed plumb and in a manner familiar to a
person of ordinary skill in the art of installing poles and posts.
The other embodiments of exterior lighting system 40 are similar to
column light 41, except as described otherwise herein, or shown
otherwise on the drawings. The described arrangement of pipe 71
embodies herein a body comprising a single hollow clean cylinder
having a longitudinal axis, a top end and a bottom end, wherein such
body encloses both such electric lamp and such electrical
connections, and wherein such bottom end of such cylinder is
structured and arranged to extend substantially below the ground
surface. The language "clean" in "clean cylinder" as used herein
means without external protrusions, flanges, or other such
extensions which would substantially interfere with the external
cylindrical shape.
Column light 41 can also be constructed from steel pipe (not
illustrated) rather than PVC pipe 71, and used as an anti-vehicle
barrier as well as a light. In such an application, to prevent
column light 41 from being forced out of the ground by the impact of
a vehicle, below-grade portion 73 would preferably be longer, and
more concrete 78 would preferably be used. Although not illustrated
herein, in such an application it would also be advantageous to fill
body 60 with concrete to just below the bottom of lamp 63 to prevent
the bottom part of column light 41 from buckling when impacted by a
vehicle. Column light 41 would have the same coating (for example,
stucco 66), and therefore the same appearance if steel pipe were
used rather than PVC pipe 71.
FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a preferred embodiment of
the exterior lighting system 40 showing how screen 94 is installed
prior to applying stucco 66. FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view
showing how stucco 66 is applied after installing screen 94. FIG. 9
shows how the stucco-coated PVC pipe 71 is cut to the desired
geometry after the stucco 66 is applied. The first step in such
installation is to make sure that the outside surface of PVC pipe 71
is clean. Then, as illustrated in FIG. 7, screen 94 is wrapped
around PVC pipe 71 as shown, and held in place with tape 95. Screen
94 is preferably standard fiberglass window screen of the type
commonly used to keep flying insects from entering an open window of
a building. Screen 94 preferably comes on a roll, and has a width
equal to the height of the above-grade portion 72 (see FIG. 3) of
the exterior lighting system 40 being manufactured. Screen 94 is
preferably cut so that it overlaps about an inch, as shown. Next, as
shown in FIG. 8, stucco 66 is applied over screen 94, covering
screen 94 and tape 95. Then exterior lighting system is set aside
for stucco 66 to cure. Stucco 66 could be a high quality stucco
comprised of Portland cement and hydrated lime, such as SUPERIOR
EXTERIOR STUCCO, supplied by PARAGON BUILDING PRODUCTS (TM) of 2895
Hammer Ave., Norco, Calif. 91760. However, it is presently preferred
to use an elastomeric acrylic fortified polymer coating material,
mixed with assorted sizes of calcium carbonate, quartz, and silica
sand aggregates, such as PREMIUM STUCCO by HIGHLAND PRODUCTS (TM).
This arrangement with stucco 66 embodies herein a covering means for
covering such enclosure means in such manner as to resist
environmental degradation and promote aesthetic appeal. After stucco
66 cures, PVC pipe 71 is preferably saw cut through stucco 66, as
shown in FIG. 9, to the desired shape. As depicted in FIG. 9,
typical cuts include: removing a ring 97 from the top to make the
end of PVC pipe 71 (with stucco 66) square; and cutting out
rectangles 98 to form windows 61.
As mentioned elsewhere in this specification, various components,
such as clips 85 and fasteners 84 (see FIG. 5), can be installed
prior to applying the stucco 66. Thus, fasteners 84 and the like
will be hidden under stucco 66. Alternatively, fasteners 84 and the
like can be installed after applying stucco 66, and stucco 66 can be
repaired to hide such fasteners as 84. This above-shown method
embodies herein a method of manufacturing an exterior-lighting
article comprised of a stucco-coated hollow circular cylinder,
comprising in combination the steps of: wrapping a such circular
cylinder with screen; applying stucco to such screen; allowing such
stucco to cure; saw cutting such stucco coated such cylinder to a
user-desired conformation; and painting such stucco; and, also,
wherein such desired conformation comprises rectangular openings
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the pole
light 42 of the exterior lighting system 40, further showing how
several embodiments of the present invention can be installed
directly in soil. As shown, pole light 42 preferably has two rows of
four equal-size windows 61, one row at the top, similar to column
light 41 described above, and one row just above ground level 54.
Pole light 42 preferably has an above-grade portion 72 that is about
72 inches long and a below-grade portion 73 that is about 18 inches
long. Thus, when installed, pole light 42 rises 72 inches above the
ground 54, and the total length of PVC pipe 71 is 90 inches. Pole
light 42 is preferably made of the same 6-inch nominal diameter PVC
pipe 71 as column light 41 described above. Pole light 42 is
preferably coated, preferably with the same stucco 66 as described
above and shown in FIG. 10. Although FIG. 10 shows pole light 42
installed directly in soil 56, pole light 42 should preferably be
installed in the preferred manner described above for column light
41.
FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a pole light 42
illustrating, for example, the lens 104 and how the two lamps 63 are
hung from the top end 62. The internal components of pole light 42
are the same as for column light 41 described above except for the
differences noted herein. The main difference is that pole light 42
preferably has two lamps 63 for the two rows of windows 61, one lamp
for each window row. Lens 104 is longer to cover both rows of
windows, and hanger 105 is longer to support both lamps 63. Pole
light 42 has a coil 91 of wire that is not fully shown, but contains
more turns than the coil 91 for column light 41, due to the greater
height of the body 60. Accessing of the lamps 63 in pole light 42 is
the same as for column light 41 described above, except that a
ladder may be needed due to the increased height of body 60 and
hanger 105.
FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of the wall top light 45,
which is another preferred embodiment of the exterior lighting
system 40. FIG. 13 is an exploded partial perspective view of the
wall top light 45 showing how it is installed. FIG. 14 is a partial
side sectional view of the wall top light 45, also showing how the
wall top light 45 is installed. Wall top light 45 is preferably
similar to column light 41 described above, except for the
differences described herein and shown in the figures. The most
obvious differences, as can be seen best in FIG. 12, are that wall
top light 45 is shorter and is mounted on the top of a wall 59
rather than being embedded in the ground 54. As can be seen in FIGS.
13 and 14, wall top light 45 has a base plate 111 that is attached
to the top of wall 59 preferably with four expansion anchors 112 and
bolts 114. Other fasteners could be used as well, selectable by a
person of ordinary skill in the art. Lamp 63 preferably attaches to
base plate 111 with studs 116 and nuts 115. PVC pipe 71, preferably
forming body 60, preferably attaches to base plate 111 with four
sheet metal screws 117 as shown. Thus, to access lamp 63, and light
bulbs 69, one would remove the four screws 117 and lift off body 60.
Wall top lamp 45 is preferably powered by electrical service wiring
76 in conduit 77, which will have been previously installed in wall
59 preferably as shown. Lamp 63 is preferably connected to
electrical service wiring 76 with wire nuts 79. No coil 91 is needed
for wall top light 45, which light embodies herein that such body is
structured and arranged for mounting on an essentially flat
essentially horizontal surface and wherein such axis of such body is
essentially vertical.
FIG. 15 is a partially exploded perspective view of the vertical
wall mount light 47 that is another embodiment of the exterior
lighting system 40. FIG. 16 is a sectional side view of the vertical
wall mount light 47 showing how the vertical wall mount light 47 is
installed on a wall surface 57. FIG. 17 is a sectional top view of
the vertical wall mount light 47 also showing how the vertical wall
mount light is installed on a wall surface 57. Vertical wall mount
light 47 preferably attaches to the outside vertical wall surface 57
of a building 51 with fasteners 122. Fasteners 122 are shown to be
wood screws, which would be the best choice where wall surface 57 is
wood. For other wall surface 57 materials, other fasteners 122 may
be preferable, and such fasteners 122 would be readily selectable by
a person of ordinary skill in the art of attaching things to wall
surfaces 57. Vertical wall mount light 47 preferably has a backing
plate 120, which is preferably made of a reflective material, such
as steel, so that more light is reflected out windows 61. Vertical
wall mount light 47 preferably also comprises body 121, which is
made of a half-round section of PVC pipe 71 preferably covered with
a coating described herein, such as stucco 66 as shown. Body 121
preferably has three windows 61, which are covered with lens 64 as
shown (and similarly to other described embodiments). Body 121 has
two ends 123, which are preferably made of plastic or metal sheet
attached to body 121 preferably with a suitable adhesive (in ways
well known to a person of ordinary skill in the art of manufacturing
articles from plastic and metal). Body 121 attaches to backing plate
120 preferably with four screws 117 as shown. Body 121 can be
removed by removing screws 117 to access lamp 63 and light bulbs 69.
Electrical power is provided as shown and in well-known ways from
the wall area where this embodiment is mounted. Light 47 embodies
herein that such body further comprises a half circular cylinder,
two such ends, and a backing plate, and such body is structured and
arranged for mounting on an essentially flat essentially vertical
surface.
FIG. 18 is a front view of the horizontal wall mount light 46, which
is another embodiment of the exterior lighting system 40. FIG. 19 is
a sectional side view of the horizontal wall mount light 46 showing
how the horizontal wall mount light is installed on a wall surface
57 of a building 51. Horizontal wall mount light 46 is similar to
vertical wall mount light 47 except that it is mounted with the axis
of the PVC pipe 71 horizontal rather than vertical. Another
difference is that horizontal wall mount light 46 preferably only
has one window, preferably on the bottom half so that horizontal
wall mount light 46 shines its light primarily downward. Horizontal
wall mount light 46 (embodying herein that such body is structured
and arranged to be mounted with such axis of such body essentially
horizontal) also preferably has two lamps 63 as shown; and
electrical service is again providable from the wall area of the
mounting.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of flood
light 44 of the exterior lighting system 40. FIG. 21 is a sectional
side view of the flood light 44 showing how the lamp 63 and
reflector 133 pivot, and how the lens 134 is installed. FIG. 22 is
an exploded partial perspective view of the flood light 44 showing
how the lamp 63 and reflector 133 are installed. Flood light 44 is
typically mounted close to the ground 54 and is used to light
objects such as buildings 51 or trees 52 (see FIG. 1). Flood light
44 preferably has a lamp 63 with short light bulbs 69 as shown, and
a reflector 133. As shown in FIG. 22, lamp 63 preferably has a
separate ballast 136. Flood light 44 has a body 130, which is made
of PVC pipe 71 as described above for column light 41. PVC pipe 71
is preferably coated with a material described herein, such as
stucco 66, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 and described above. Although
not shown in FIGS. 21 or 22, flood light 44 preferably mounts
directly in the soil 56 as shown in FIG. 10. Due to the short
stature of flood light 44, concrete 78, as shown in FIG. 5, is not
needed. Flood light 44 preferably has lens 134, which is preferably
comprised of an elliptical piece of clear transparent polycarbonate.
Lens 134 is preferably set at an angle as shown in FIG. 21. Lens 134
is preferably set at an angle of about 30 degrees from horizontal,
but could advantageouosly be set at an angle from about 15 degrees
to about 60 degrees from horizontal. [In other words, lens 134 could
be set at an angle between 30 and 75 degrees from the axis of PVC
pipe 71.] PVC pipe 71 is cut at the angle of lens 134, and lens 134
is attached to body 130 with four screws 138. Three of screws 138
preferably screw directly into holes in PVC pipe 71, and one screw
138 screws into bracket 139 as shown. Lamp 63 and ballast 136
preferably attach to reflector 133 as shown in FIG. 21, and
reflector 133 preferably attaches to body 130 (PVC pipe 71) with two
screws 131 and two nuts 132 as shown in FIG. 22. Thus, reflector 133
can be pivoted along the line through screws 131 to aim the light at
the object being illuminated. Light 44 embodies herein that such
body comprises a circular cylinder, such end of such body comprises
essentially a lens, and such end is mounted at an angle with respect
to such axis of such body wherein such angle is between 30 and 75
degrees.
FIG. 23 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of the
exterior lighting system 40 showing a brick coating 141. FIG. 24 is
a partial perspective view of an embodiment of the exterior lighting
system 40 showing a metal sheet coating 142. When made with PVC pipe
71 or other pipe, exterior lighting system 40 is preferably coated
with one of several materials. These materials include stucco 66
(see FIGS. 2 through 22), brick 141 (FIG. 23), aluminum sheet (metal
sheet 142, FIG. 1 and FIG. 24) copper sheet (metal sheet 142, FIG. 1
and FIG. 24), stone (not shown), tile (not shown) and wood (not
shown). Brick, stone, tile, and wood, are preferably attached to PVC
pipe 71 with a suitable adhesive, readily selectable by a person of
ordinary skill in the art, and applied over screen 94 as shown in
FIG. 7 and described above. Mortar 143 is preferably applied between
bricks or stone (see FIG. 23). Mortar 143 is preferably epoxy
mortar. For tile, a high quality grout would preferably be applied
between the tiles. Metal sheet 142 (e.g., aluminum or copper) is
preferably secured with a suitable adhesive also, but screen 94 is
preferably not used with metal sheet 142. The coating (stucco 66,
brick 141, metal sheet 142, or others described herein) performs the
function of protecting PVC pipe 71, or other pipe, from
environmental degradation. Where PVC pipe 71 is used, the chief
mechanism of environmental degradation is embrittlement and loss of
strength due to the harmful effects of ultraviolet light from the
sun. Preventing ultraviolet degradation of PVC pipe 71 is
particularly important in sunny climates such as in Phoenix, Ariz.
Where steel pipe is used (described above), the chief mechanism of
environmental degradation is corrosion, particularly in wet climates
or where exterior lighting system 40 is installed in a grass 55 lawn
that is frequently watered.
FIG. 25 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of redwood
light 150 of the exterior lighting system 40. FIG. 25 shows how the
redwood light 150 is installed. FIG. 26 is a sectional top view of
the redwood light 150 showing how it is constructed and the lenses
153 and lamp 63 are installed. Redwood light 150 is preferably
comprised of four identical sides 151, as shown, which are
preferably each made from 1.times.8.times.60 inch redwood boards.
The sides are preferably held together with screws 156 as shown,
forming a right square cylinder (light 150 embodying herein that
such cylinder is essentially a right square cylinder). Screws 156
are preferably drywall screws readily selectable by a person of
ordinary skill in the art of carpentry. Each side 151 has an
elongated rectangular window 61 as shown, each preferably covered on
the inside by a lens 153 as shown. Each lens 153 is preferably a
square piece of translucent plexiglass preferably secured to side
151 with a suitable adhesive. Redwood light 150 preferably also has
top 152, which is also made of redwood board, and is preferably
secured by four screws 156 as shown in FIG. 25. Lamp 63 is
preferably attached to end 152 with a hanger 65 (not shown) similar
to hanger 65 for column light 41 as shown in FIG. 6 and described
above. The connection of lamp 63 in redwood light 150 to electrical
service wiring 76 (not shown) is preferably the same as for column
light 41 as shown in FIG. 6 and described above. Redwood light 150
can be embedded directly in soil, with or without concrete 78 as
shown in FIGS. 5 and 25 and as described above for other
embodiments. Although a redwood light similar in size and features
to column light 41 is shown on the figures, as can be easily
visualized by a person of ordinary skill in the art, such redwood
light can be similar in size and features to pole light 42, wall top
light 45, vertical wall mount light 47, horizontal wall mount light
46, and flood light 44.
Although applicant has described applicant's preferred embodiments
of this invention, it will be understood that the broadest scope of
this invention includes such modifications as diverse shapes and
sizes and materials. Such scope is limited only by the below claims
as read in connection with the above specification. Further, many
other advantages of applicant's invention will be apparent from the
descriptions and the claims.
* * * * *
|
|